Uses: Root bark is tonic, stimulant, and emmenagogue and used to relieve splenalgia. The stem bark is good for gastropathy. Leaves are antiscorbutic, diuretic, anthelmintic, astringent, expectorant and tonic. They are useful in asthma, bronchitis, cough, strangury, painful tumors, constipation, verminosis, and hemorrhoids. Shoots and leaves are bitter and used in all types of poisons, cough, and bronchitis. Fruits are sweet, acrid, bitter, thermogenic, emollient, stomachic, purgative and digestive. They are useful in constipation, flatulence and seminal weakness. Tender twigs are used as a toothbrush. The extract of the root is said to relieve the pain due to spleen troubles. Seed oil is applied to the skin in rheumatism.